Daniel Kahneman
Daniel Kahneman se narodil 5. března 1934 v izraelském Tel Avivu. Po dobu 2. světové války žil ve Francii a do své vlasti se vrátil roku 1946.
Bakalářská studia psychologie a matematiky ukončil v roce 1954 na The Hebrew University v Jeruzalémě. Roku 1961 získal doktorát z psychologie na University of California, Berkeley. V mezidobí sloužil v izraelské armádě a byl autorem systému vstupních pohovorů s branci, používaného desítky let.
Roku 1978 se Kahneman žení a jeho manželkou se stala Anne Treisman.
Daniel Kahneman má dvojí občanství, a to jak izraelské, tak americké. Od roku 1993 působí jako profesor na prestižní Princeton University.
Kahnemanovy experimenty, na kterých dlouho spolupracoval se známým vynikajícím psychologem Amosem Tverskym, by mohly vysvětlit velké kolísání na finančních trzích a další jevy, které nezahrnují současné modely. Profesor Kahneman dokázal jednoduchými prostředky, byť by některé z nich byly dnes už považovány za metodicky překonané, navodit situace, v nichž respondenti uvažovali a rozhodovali v příkrém rozporu s řadou základních, všeobecně přijímaných zásad racionálního myšlení. Dokládá tímto způsobem, že lidé tak činí pravidelně, systematicky a způsoby, které lze pochopit a interpretovat prostřednictvím alternativních hypotéz, jež konkurují předpokladům, s nimiž operují ortodoxní ekonomové.
Profesor Daniel Kahneman se stal prvním Izraelcem, který získal Cenu Švédské národní banky za ekonomii na památku Alfreda Nobela (Nobelovu cenu za ekonomii).
Kahneman je nositelem i mnoha dalších ocenění a čestných titulů a také členem významných sdružení a organizací, jako je např. American Psychological Association, American Psychological Society, Econometric Society, Society for Economics Science, aj. jakož i členem redakčních rad několika odborných periodik (namátkou např. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Economics and Philosophy, a další). Významná a rozsáhlá je i Kahnemanova tvůrčí publikační činnost.
Knihy
Heuristic and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment. Edited by T. Gilovich, D. Griffin, D. Kahneman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Choices, values and frames. Edited by D. Kahneman, A. Tversky. New York: Russel Sage Foundation Press; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. Edited by D. Kahneman, E. Diener, N. Schwarz. New York: Russel Sage Foundation Press, 1999.
Judgment under uncertainty: heuristic and biases. Edited by D. Kahneman, P. Slovic, A. Tversky. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
KAHNEMAN, D. Human engineering of decision in ethics in an age of pervasive technology. Boulder: Westview Press, 1980.
KAHNEMAN, D. Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
Články
BATEMAN, I., KAHNEMAN, D., MUNRO, A., et al. Testing competing models of loss aversion: an adversarial collaboration. Journal of Public Economics, Amsterdam: 2005, vol. 89, no. 8, p. 1561 – 1580.
KAHNEMAN, D., et al. Toward national well-being accounts. The American Economic Review, Nashville: 2004, vol. 94, no. 2, p. 429 – 434.
LOVALLO, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Delusions of success – How optimism undermines executives´ decision. Harvard Business Review, 2003, vol. 81, no. 7, p. 56 – XX.
KAHNEMAN, D. Maps of bounded rationality: psychology for behavioral economics. The American Economic Review, Nashville: 2003, vol. 93, no. 5, p. 1449 – 1475.
REDELMEIER, D. A., KATZ, J., KAHNEMAN, D. Memories of colonscopy. A randomized trial. Pain, 2003, vol. 104, no. 1-2, p. 187 – 194.
KAHNEMAN, D. A perspective on judgment and choice: Mapping bounded rationality. American Psychologist, 2003, vol. 58, no. 9, p. 697 – 720.
KAHNEMAN, D. A psychological perspective on economics. The American Economic Review, Nashville: 2003, vol. 93, no. 2, p. 162 – 168.
KAHNEMAN, D. Social experiences of research. American Psychologist, 2003, vol. 58, no. 9, p. 697 – 720.
NICKERSON, C., SCHWARZ, N., KAHNEMAN, D., et al. Zeroing in on the dark side of the American dream: A closer look at the negative consequences of the goal for financial success. Psychological Science, 2003, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 531 – 536.
SUNSTEIN, C. R., KAHNEMAN, D., SCHKADE, D., et al. Predictably incoherent judgments. Standard Law Review, 2002, vol. 54, no. 6, p. 1153 – 1215.
MELLERS, A., HERTWIG, R., KAHNEMAN, D. Do frequency representations eliminate conjunction effects? An excercise in adversarial collaboration. Psychological Science, 2001, vol. 12, p. 269 – 275.
BREITER, H. C., AHARON, I., KAHNEMAN, D., et al. Functional imaging of neural responses to expectancy and experience of monetary gains and losses. Neuron, 2001, vol. 30, p. 619 – 639.
KUNREUTHER, H., NOVEMSKY, N., KAHNEMAN, D. Making low probabilities useful. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 2001, vol. 23, no. 2, p. 103 – 120.
SUNSTEIN, C. R., SCHKADE, D. A., KAHNEMAN, D. Do people want optimal deterrence? Journal of Legal Studies, Chicago: 2000, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 237 – 254.
SCHKADE, S., SUNSTEIN, C., KAHNEMAN, D. Deliberating about dollars. The severity shift. Columbia Law Review, 2000, vol. 100, p. 1139 – 1175.
SCHREIBER, C. A., KAHNEMAN, D. Determination of the remembered utility of aversive sounds. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2000, vol. 129, p. 27 – 42.
SUNSTEIN, C., SCHKADE, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Do people want optimal deterrence? Journal of Legal Studies, 2000, vol. 29, p. 237 – 254.
ARIELY, D., KANEHMAN, D., LOEWENSTEIN, G. Joint comment on „When does duration matter in judgment and decision making“. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2000, vol. 129, p. 524 – 529.
LOVALLO, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Living with uncertainty: Attractiveness and resolution timing. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 2000, vol. 13, p. 179 – 190.
ARIELY, D., KANEHMAN, D., LOEWENSTEIN, G. Joint comment on „When does duration matter in judgment and decision making“. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2000, vol. 129, p. 524 – 529.
KAHNEMAN, D. A psychological point of view: Violations of rational rules as a diagnostic of mental processes. (Commentary on Stanovich and West). Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2000, vol. 23, p. 681 – 683.
RATNER, R. K., KAHN, B. E., KAHNEMAN, D. Choosing less-preferred experiences for the sake of variety. Journal of Consumer Research: An Interdisciplinary Quarterly, Chicago: 1999, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 1 – 15.
KAHNEMAN, D., RITOV, I., SCHKADE, D. Economic preferences or attitude expressons?: An analysis of dollar response to public issues. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1999,vol. 19, p. 220 – 224.
KEINAN, G., FRIEDLAND, N., KAHNEMAN, D., et al. The effect of stress on the suppression of erroneous competing responses. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 1999, vol. 12, p. 455 – 476.
KAHNEMAN, D., RIEPE, M. Aspects of investor psychology. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 1998, vol. 24, p. 52 – 65.
SUNSTEIN, C., KAHNEMAN, D., SCHKADE, D. Assessing punitive damages. Yale Law Journal, 1998, vol. 107, p. 2071 – 2153.
SCHKADE, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Does living in California make people happy? A focusing illusion in judgments of life satisfaction. Psychological Science, 1998, vol. 9, p. 340 – 346.
GREEN, D., JACOWITZ, K., KAHNEMAN, D., et al. Referendum contingent valuation, anchoring and willingness to pay for public goods. Reresource and Energy Economics, 1998, vol. 20, p. 85 – 116.
KAHNEMAN, D., SCHKADE, D., SUNSTEIN, C. R. Shared outrage and erratic awards: The psychology of punitive damages. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1998, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 49 – 86.
GILOVICH, T., MEDVEC, V. H., KAHNEMAN, D. Varieties of regret: A debate and partial resolution. Psychological Review, 1998, vol. 105, p. 602 – 605.
KAHNEMAN, D., WAKKER, P. P., SARIN, R. Back to Bentham? Explorations of experienced utility. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1997, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 375 – 405.
THALER, R., TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D., et al. The effect of myopia and loss aversion on risk taking: An experimental test. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1997, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 647 – 661.
KAHNEMAN, D. New challenges to the rationality assumption. Legal Theory, 1997, vol. 3, p. 105 – 124.
KAHN, B. E., RATNER, R., KAHNEMAN, D. Patterns of hedonic consumption over time. Marketing Letters, 1997, vol. 8, p. 85 – 96.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. On the reality of cognitive illusions. A reply to Gigerenzer´s critique. Psychological Review, 1996, vol. 103, p. 582 – 591.
REDELMEIER, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Patient’s memories of painful medical treatments: real-time and retrospective evaluations of two minimally invasive procedures. Pain, 1996, vol. 66, p. 3-8.
McCAFFERY, E. J., KAHNEMAN, D., SPITZER, M. L. Framing the jury: Cognitive perspectives on pain and suffering awards, Virginia Law Review, 1995, vol. 81, p. 1341 – 1420.
JACOWITZ, K. E., KAHNEMAN, D. Measures of anchoring in estimation tasks. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995, vol. 21, p. 1161 – 1166.
KAHNEMAN, D., RITOV, I. Determinants of stated willingness to pay for public goods: A study in the headline method. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1994, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 5 – 38.
GREEN, D., KAHNEMAN, D., KUNREUTHER, H. How the method and scope of public fundind affects willingness to pay for public goods. Public Opinion Quarterly, 1994, vol. 58, p. 48 – 67.
KAHNEMAN, D. New challenges to the rationality assumption. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 1994, vol. 150, p. 18 – 36.
FREDRICKSON, B. L., KAHNEMAN, D. Duration neglect in retrospective evaluations of affective episodes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1993, vol. 65, p. 45 – 55.
KAHNEMAN, D., RITOV, I., JACOWITZ, K. E., et al. Stated willingness to pay for public goods: A psychological analysis. Psychological Science, 1993, vol. 4, p. 310 – 315.
KAHNEMAN, D., LOVALLO, D. Timid choices and bold forecasts: A cognitive perspective on risk taking. Management Science, 1993, vol. 39, p. 17 – 31.
REDELMEIER, D. A., ROZIN, P., KAHNEMAN, D. Understanding patients‘ decisions: Cognitive and emotional perspectives. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1993, vol. 270, p. 72 – 76.
KAHNEMAN, D., FREDRICKSON, D. L., SCHREIBER, C. A., et al. When more pain is preferred to less: Adding a better end. Psychological Science, 1993, vol. 4, p. 401 – 405.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 1992, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 297 – 323.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. Contingent valuation and the value of public goods: Reply. Journal of Environmental Economic and Management, 1992, vol. 22, p. 57 – 70.
FOX, C., KAHNEMAN, D. Correlation, causation and inference in surveys of life satisfaction. Social Indicators, 1992, vol. 27, p. 221 – 234.
VAREY, C., KAHNEMAN, D. Experiences extended across time: Evaluation of moments and episodes. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 1992, vol. 5, p. 169 – 186.
KAHNEMAN, D., SNELL, J. Predicting a changing taste. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 1992, vol. 5, p. 187 – 200.
KAHNEMAN, D. Reference points, anchors, norms and mixed feelings. Organizational Behavior and Human Decission Processes, 1992, vol. 51, p. 296 – 312.
KAHNEMAN, D., TREISMAN, A., GIBBS, B. J. The reviewing of object files: Object-specific integration of information. Cognitive Psychology, 1992, vol. 24, p. 175 – 219.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. L. Valuing public goods: The purchase of moral satisfaction. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Amsterdam: 1992, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 57 – 70.
KAHNEMAN, D., THALER, R. H. Economic analysis and the psychology of utility: Applications to compensation policy, American Economic Review, Nashville: 1991, vol. 81, no. 2, p. 341 – 346.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. L., THALER, R. H. The endowment effect, loss aversion, and status quo bias: anomalies. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1991, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 193 – 206.
KAHNEMAN, D. Judgment and decision making: A personal view. Psychological Science, 1991, vol. 2, p. 142 – 145.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Loss aversion in riskless choice: A reference-dependent model. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Nov. 1991, vol. 106, no. 4, p. 1039 – 1061.
TVERSKY, A., SLOVIC, P., KAHNEMAN, D. The causes of preference reversal. American Economic Journal. Nashville: 1990, vol. 80, no. 1, p. 204 – 217.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. L., THALER, R. H. Experimental tests of the endowment effect and the Coase theorem. Journal of Political Economy, Chicago: 1990, vol. 98, no. 6, p. 1325 – 1348.
KAHNEMAN, D., VAREY, C. A. Propensities and counterfactuals: The loser that almost won. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1990, vol. 59, no. 6, p. 1101 – 1110.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. L., THALER, R. H. Fairness and the assumptions of economics. The Journal of Business, Chicago: 1986, vol. 59, no. 4, p. 285 – 300.
KAHNEMAN, D., KNETSCH, J. L., THALER, R. H. Fairness as a constraint on profit seeking: Entitlements in the market. The American Economic Review, Nashville: 1986, vol. 76, no. 4, p. 728 – 741.
KAHNEMAN, D., MILLER, D. T. Norm theory: Comparing reality to its alternatives. Psychological Review, 1986, vol. 93, p. 136 – 153.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Rational choice and the framing of decisions. The Journal of Business, Chicago: 1986, vol. 59, no. 4, p. 251 – 278.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. Choices, values and frames. American Psychologist, 1984, vol. 39, p. 341 – 350.
KAHNEMAN, D., TREISMAN, A., BURKELL, J. The cost of visual filtering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1983, vol. 9, p. 510 – 522.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Extensional vs. intuitive reasoning: The conjunction fallacy in probability judgment. Psychological Review, 1983, p. 293 – 315.
TREISMAN, A., KAHNEMAN, D., BURKELL, J. Perceptual objects and the cost of filtering. Perception and Psychophysics, 1983, vol. 33, p. 527 – 532.
KAHNEMAN, D., CHAJCZYK, D. Tests of the automaticity of reading: dilution of Stroop effects by color-irrelevant stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1983, vol. 9, p. 497 – 509.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. On the study of statistical institutions. Cognition, 1982, vol. 11, p. 123 – 141.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. The psychology of preferences. Scientific American, 1982, vol. 246, p. 160 – 173.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. Variants of uncertainty. Cognition, 1982, vol. 11, p. 143 – 157.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science, 1981, vol. 211, p. 453 – 458.
KAHNEMAN, D. A review of M. Posner’s An experimental study of consciousness. Contemporary Psychology, 1980, vol. 25, p. 3 – 5.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. Intuitive prediction: Biases and corrective procedures. Management Science, 1979, vol. 12, p. 313 – 327.
KAHNEMAN, D. Mechanism that produce critical durations. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1979, vol. 2, p. 265 – 266.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, Evanston: 1979, vol. 47, no. 2, p. 263 – 291.
KAFRY, D., KAHNEMAN, D. Capacity sharing and refractoriness in successive reactions. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1977, vol. 44, p. 327 – 335.
KAHNEMAN, D., van der GAAG, J., RUTTEN, F. F. H., et al. Determination of hospital utilization in the Netherlands. Health Services Research, 1975, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 264 – 277.
KAHNEMAN, D., van PRAAG, B., POETH, G. The introduction of an old-age pension in a growing economy: a first approach. Journal of Public Economics, 1975, vol. 4, p. 87 – 100.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 1974, vol. 185, p. 1124 – 1131.
NINIO, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Reaction time in focused and in divided attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1974, vol. 103, p. 393 – 399.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability. Cognitive Psychology, 1973, vol. 5, p. 207 – 232.
KAHNEMAN, D. Further evidence on the individual welfare function of income: an empirical investigation in the Netherlands. European Economic Review, 1973, vol. 4, p. 33 – 62.
KAHNEMAN, D. Optimal packing systems. Statictica Neerlandica, 1973, vol. 27, p. 21 – 28.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 1973, vol. 80, p. 237 – 251.
KAHNEMAN, D., BEN-ISHAI, R., LOTAN, M. Relation of a test of attention to road accidents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1973, vol. 58, p. 113 – 115.
KAHNEMAN, D., TVERSKY, A. A subjective probability: A judgment of representativeness. Cognitive Psychology, 1972, vol. 3, p. 430 – 454.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Belief in the law of small numbers. Psychological Bulletin, 1971, vol. 76. p. 105 – 110.
WRIGHT, P., KAHNEMAN, D. Evidence of alternative strategie of sentence retention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1971, vol. 23, p. 197 – 213.
KAHNEMAN, D., WRIGHT, P. Changes in pupil size and rehearsal strategie in a short-term memory task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1971, vol. 23, p. 187 – 196.
TVERSKY, A., KAHNEMAN, D. Evidence of alternative strategies of sentence retention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1971, vol. 23, p. 197 – 213.
KAHNEMAN, D. A procedure to estimate relative powers in binary contacts and an application to Dutch football-league results. Statistica Neerlandica, 1971, vol. 25, no. 1, p. 63 – 84.
KAHNEMAN, D. The welfare function of income in Belgium: an empirical investigation. European Economic Review, 1971, vol. 2, p. 337 – 369.
KAHNEMAN, D., WOLMAN, R. Stroboscopic motion: Effects of duration and interval. Perception and Psychophysics, 1970, vol. 8, p. 161 – 164.
KAHNEMAN, D., PEAVLER, W. S. Incentive effects and pupillary changes in association learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1969, vol. 79, p. 312 – 318.
KAHNEMAN, D., TURSKY, B., SHAPIRO, D., et al. Pupillary heart rate and skin resistence changes during a mental task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1969, vol. 79, p. 164 – 167.
KAHNEMAN, D., ONUSKA, L., WOLMAN, R. Effects of grouping on the pupillary response in a short-term memory task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1968, vol. 20, p. 309 – 311.
KAHNEMAN, D. Effects of verbalization and incentive on the pupillary response to mental activity. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 1968, vol. 22, p. 186 – 196.
KAHNEMAN, D. Methods, findings and theory in studies of visual masking. Psychological Bulletin, 1968, vol. 70, p. 404 – 425.
KAHNEMAN, D., NORMAN, J., KUBOVY, M. Critical duration for the resolution of form: Centrally or peripherally determined? Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1967, vol. 73, p. 323 – 327.
KAHNEMAN, D. An onset-onset law for one case of apparent motion and metacontrast. Perception and Psychophysics, 1967, vol. 2, p. 577 – 584.
KAHNEMAN, D., BEATTY, J., POLLACK, I. Perceptual deficit during a mental task. Science, 1967, vol. 157, p. 218 – 219.
KAHNEMAN, D., BEATTY, J. Pupillary response in a pitch-discrimination task. Perception and Psychophysics, 1967, vol. 2, p. 101 – 105.
KAHNEMAN, D. Pupil diameter and load on memory. Science, 1966, vol. 154, p. 1583 – 1585.
BEATTY, J., KAHNEMAN, D. Pupillary changes in two memory tasks. Psychonomic Science, 1966, vol. 5, p. 371 – 372.
KAHNEMAN, D. Time-intensity reciprocity in anuity as a function of luminance and figure-ground contrast. Vision Research, 1966, vol. 6, p. 207 – 215.
KAHNEMAN, D. Time-intensity reciprocity under various conditions of adaptation and backward masking. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1966, vol. 71, p. 543 – 549.
KAHNEMAN, D. Control of spurious association and the reliability of the controlled variable. Psychological Bulletin, 1965, vol. 64, p. 326 – 329.
KAHNEMAN, D. Exposure duration and effective figure-ground contrast. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1965, vol. 17, p. 308 – 314.
KAHNEMAN, D. Temporal summation in anuity tasks at different energy levels: A study of the determinants of summation. Vision Research, 1964, vol. 4, p. 557 – 566.
KAHNEMAN, D., NORMAN, J. The time-intensity relation in visual perception as a function of observer’s task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1964, vol. 68, p. 215 – 220.
KAHNEMAN, D. The semantic differential and the structure of inferences among attributes. American Journal of Psychology, 1963, vol. 76, p. 554 – 567.
FLOM, M. C., WEYNOUTH, F. W., KAHNEMAN, D. Visual resolution and contour interaction. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1963, vol. 53, p. 1026 – 1032.
KAHNEMAN, D. GHISELLI, E. E. Validity and nonlinear heteroscedastic models. Personnel Psychology, 1962, p. 1 – 12.